Record WebCRT device login/commands and NE exec in operation audit.

Make session lifecycle and typed CLI lines searchable in audit_log with password redaction, and surface summaries plus device filters in the ops UI.

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

netx_api/audit_async.py

@@ -99,8 +99,14 @@ def enqueue_audit(
 ) -> None:
     global _dropped
     act = str(action or "")
-    # Always persist auth / security-relevant events.
-    if act.startswith("auth.") or act.startswith("users.") or act.startswith("api_tokens.") or act.startswith("webcrt."):
+    # Always persist auth / security / device-op events.
+    if (
+        act.startswith("auth.")
+        or act.startswith("users.")
+        or act.startswith("api_tokens.")
+        or act.startswith("webcrt.")
+        or act.startswith("ne.")
+    ):
         pass
     elif act.startswith("http.") and not _sample_ok():
         return

netx_api/managed_ne_router.py

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, HTTPException, Query, UploadFile
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, HTTPException, Query, Request, UploadFile
 from fastapi.responses import Response
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
+from .auth_deps import AuthContext, require_user
+from .auth_service import write_audit
 from .db import get_db
 from .device_types import SUPPORTED_VENDORS
 from .ne_connect import schedule_connect_tests
@@ -39,6 +43,16 @@ from .models import ManagedNE
 router = APIRouter(prefix="/v1/managed-ne", tags=["managed-ne"])
 
 
+def _actor(ctx: AuthContext | None = None, request: Request | None = None) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    if ctx is not None and ctx.user is not None:
+        return str(ctx.user.id or ""), str(ctx.user.username or "")
+    if request is not None:
+        user = getattr(request.state, "auth_user", None)
+        if user:
+            return str(getattr(user, "id", "") or ""), str(getattr(user, "username", "") or "")
+    return "", ""
+
+
 @router.get("")
 def api_list_managed_ne(
     keyword: str | None = Query(default=None),
@@ -131,24 +145,55 @@ def api_delete_ume_synced_managed_ne(db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
 
 
 @router.post("/exec")
-def api_exec_managed_ne(body: ManagedNeExecRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
+def api_exec_managed_ne(
+    body: ManagedNeExecRequest,
+    ctx: Annotated[AuthContext, Depends(require_user)],
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+):
     """Login to a managed NE or UME inventory NE and run read-only CLI (show/display/ping/traceroute)."""
-    return execute_managed_ne_commands(
+    uid, uname = _actor(ctx)
+    out = execute_managed_ne_commands(
         db,
         body.commands,
         ne_id=body.ne_id,
         ume_ne_id=body.ume_ne_id,
         read_timeout_sec=body.read_timeout_sec,
     )
+    device = out.get("device") if isinstance(out.get("device"), dict) else {}
+    write_audit(
+        db,
+        action="ne.exec",
+        actor_user_id=uid,
+        actor_username=uname,
+        method="POST",
+        path="/v1/managed-ne/exec",
+        status_code=200 if out.get("ok") else 502,
+        detail={
+            "ne_id": body.ne_id or "",
+            "ume_ne_id": body.ume_ne_id or "",
+            "ne_name": str(device.get("name") or device.get("ne_name") or ""),
+            "ne_ip": str(device.get("ip_address") or device.get("ip") or device.get("mgmt_ip") or ""),
+            "commands": list(out.get("commands") or body.commands or [])[:20],
+            "ok": bool(out.get("ok")),
+            "error": str(out.get("error") or "")[:500],
+            "output_len": len(str(out.get("output") or "")),
+        },
+    )
+    return out
 
 
 @router.post("/exec-batch")
-def api_exec_managed_ne_batch(body: ManagedNeExecBatchRequest):
+def api_exec_managed_ne_batch(
+    body: ManagedNeExecBatchRequest,
+    ctx: Annotated[AuthContext, Depends(require_user)],
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+):
     """Run read-only CLI on many NEs concurrently (field multi-NE sweeps)."""
+    uid, uname = _actor(ctx)
     targets = None
     if body.targets:
         targets = [t.model_dump() for t in body.targets]
-    return execute_managed_ne_commands_batch(
+    out = execute_managed_ne_commands_batch(
         targets=targets,
         ne_ids=body.ne_ids,
         ume_ne_ids=body.ume_ne_ids,
@@ -156,6 +201,33 @@ def api_exec_managed_ne_batch(body: ManagedNeExecBatchRequest):
         read_timeout_sec=body.read_timeout_sec,
         concurrency=body.concurrency,
     )
+    items = out.get("items") if isinstance(out, dict) else None
+    ok_n = 0
+    fail_n = 0
+    if isinstance(items, list):
+        for row in items:
+            if isinstance(row, dict) and row.get("ok"):
+                ok_n += 1
+            else:
+                fail_n += 1
+    write_audit(
+        db,
+        action="ne.exec_batch",
+        actor_user_id=uid,
+        actor_username=uname,
+        method="POST",
+        path="/v1/managed-ne/exec-batch",
+        status_code=200,
+        detail={
+            "ne_ids": list(body.ne_ids or [])[:100],
+            "ume_ne_ids": list(body.ume_ne_ids or [])[:100],
+            "target_count": len(targets or []) + len(body.ne_ids or []) + len(body.ume_ne_ids or []),
+            "commands": list(body.commands or [])[:20],
+            "ok_count": ok_n,
+            "fail_count": fail_n,
+        },
+    )
+    return out
 
 
 @router.post("/connect-test")

netx_api/webcrt_channel.py

@@ -468,7 +468,86 @@ def read_session_log_tail(session_id: str, *, max_bytes: int = 49152) -> str:
         return ""
 
 
+# Lifecycle + command events also land in audit_log (ops UI). Attach/detach/sftp stay file-only.
+_DB_AUDIT_EVENTS = frozenset(
+    {
+        "session_connecting",
+        "session_created",
+        "session_open_failed",
+        "session_closed",
+        "command",
+    }
+)
+
+_PASSWORD_PROMPT_RE = re.compile(
+    r"(?:enter\s+)?(?:password|密码|passwd)\s*[:>]\s*$",
+    re.IGNORECASE,
+)
+
+
+def looks_like_password_prompt(text: str) -> bool:
+    """True when device stdout tail asks for a password (interactive auth)."""
+    s = str(text or "").replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n")
+    # Drop ANSI so prompt detection is stable.
+    s = re.sub(r"\x1b\[[0-9;?]*[A-Za-z]|\x1b\].*?\x07|\x1b.", "", s)
+    parts = [ln.strip() for ln in s.split("\n") if ln.strip()]
+    if not parts:
+        return False
+    return bool(_PASSWORD_PROMPT_RE.search(parts[-1]))
+
+
+def feed_command_line_buffer(buf: str, data: str, *, max_line: int = 512) -> tuple[str, list[str]]:
+    """Accumulate stdin into completed command lines (Enter / CR / LF).
+
+    Handles backspace, ignores most control chars, truncates over-long lines.
+    Returns ``(new_buffer, completed_lines)``.
+    """
+    cur = str(buf or "")
+    completed: list[str] = []
+    limit = max(64, min(int(max_line or 512), 4096))
+    for ch in str(data or ""):
+        if ch in ("\r", "\n"):
+            if cur:
+                completed.append(cur[:limit])
+            cur = ""
+            continue
+        if ch in ("\b", "\x7f"):
+            cur = cur[:-1] if cur else ""
+            continue
+        if ch == "\x03":  # Ctrl-C — abandon current line
+            cur = ""
+            continue
+        if ord(ch) < 32 and ch != "\t":
+            continue
+        if len(cur) < limit:
+            cur += ch
+    return cur, completed
+
+
 def _audit(event: str, **fields: Any) -> None:
+    """Write WebCRT audit to jsonl; dual-write selected events into audit_log."""
+    # Enrich actor / device fields from the live session when callers omit them.
+    sid = str(fields.get("session_id") or "").strip()
+    if sid and (
+        not fields.get("owner_user_id")
+        or not fields.get("owner_username")
+        or not fields.get("ne_name")
+        or "protocol" not in fields
+    ):
+        try:
+            from .webcrt_session_registry import get_session
+
+            sess = get_session(sid)
+            if sess is not None:
+                fields.setdefault("owner_user_id", sess.owner_user_id)
+                fields.setdefault("owner_username", sess.owner_username)
+                fields.setdefault("ne_id", sess.ne_id)
+                fields.setdefault("ne_name", sess.ne_name)
+                fields.setdefault("ne_ip", sess.ne_ip)
+                fields.setdefault("protocol", sess.protocol)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
     record = {"ts": _utc_iso(), "event": event, **fields}
     try:
         path = webcrt_data_root() / "audit.jsonl"
@@ -477,3 +556,35 @@ def _audit(event: str, **fields: Any) -> None:
     except Exception:
         _log.exception("webcrt audit write failed")
     _log.info("webcrt.%s %s", event, {k: v for k, v in fields.items() if k != "detail"})
+
+    if str(event or "") not in _DB_AUDIT_EVENTS:
+        return
+    try:
+        from .audit_async import enqueue_audit
+
+        actor_uid = str(fields.get("owner_user_id") or fields.get("actor_user_id") or "")
+        actor_name = str(fields.get("owner_username") or fields.get("actor_username") or "")
+        detail = {
+            k: v
+            for k, v in fields.items()
+            if k
+            not in {
+                "owner_user_id",
+                "owner_username",
+                "actor_user_id",
+                "actor_username",
+            }
+        }
+        enqueue_audit(
+            action=f"webcrt.{event}",
+            actor_user_id=actor_uid,
+            actor_username=actor_name,
+            method="",
+            path=f"/v1/webcrt/sessions/{sid}" if sid else "/v1/webcrt",
+            status_code=0,
+            client_ip=str(fields.get("client_ip") or ""),
+            user_agent=str(fields.get("client") or "")[:512],
+            detail=detail,
+        )
+    except Exception:
+        _log.exception("webcrt audit_log enqueue failed event=%s", event)

netx_api/webcrt_session_model.py

@@ -18,10 +18,13 @@ from .ne_session_factory import (
 )
 from .webcrt_channel import (
     _BoundedByteQueue,
+    _audit,
     _decode_bytes,
     _encode_text,
     _session_log_path,
     _utc_iso,
+    feed_command_line_buffer,
+    looks_like_password_prompt,
     map_network_cli_enter,
     map_network_cli_keys,
 )
@@ -87,6 +90,11 @@ class WebcrtSession:
     sftp_ready: bool = False
     _sftp: Any = field(default=None, repr=False)
     _sftp_lock: threading.RLock = field(default_factory=threading.RLock, repr=False)
+    # Interactive command audit: line buffer + password-prompt redaction.
+    _cmd_buf: str = field(default="", repr=False)
+    _cmd_buf_lock: threading.Lock = field(default_factory=threading.Lock, repr=False)
+    _password_mode: bool = field(default=False, repr=False)
+    _stdout_tail: str = field(default="", repr=False)
 
     def touch(self) -> None:
         self.last_activity = time.time()
@@ -302,7 +310,7 @@ class WebcrtSession:
                     return "stale"
                 return chunk  # bytes | None
 
-    def write_stdin(self, data: str) -> None:
+    def write_stdin(self, data: str, *, audit_source: str = "stdin") -> None:
         if self.closed or self.conn is None:
             raise RuntimeError("session_closed")
         text = str(data or "")
@@ -318,6 +326,7 @@ class WebcrtSession:
             text = map_network_cli_enter(text, self.conn)
         if not text:
             return
+        self._note_stdin_for_audit(text, source=audit_source)
         with self._write_lock:
             # Prefer raw channel I/O for interactive typing (char echo / backspace).
             channel = getattr(self.conn, "remote_conn", None)
@@ -345,6 +354,43 @@ class WebcrtSession:
                 self.bytes_in += len(text)
         self.touch()
 
+    def _note_stdin_for_audit(self, text: str, *, source: str = "stdin") -> None:
+        """Extract completed command lines from stdin and emit webcrt.command audits."""
+        with self._cmd_buf_lock:
+            self._cmd_buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer(self._cmd_buf, text)
+            redacted = bool(self._password_mode)
+            if redacted and lines:
+                self._password_mode = False
+        for cmd in lines:
+            if not str(cmd).strip():
+                continue
+            try:
+                _audit(
+                    "command",
+                    session_id=self.session_id,
+                    ne_id=self.ne_id,
+                    ne_name=self.ne_name,
+                    ne_ip=self.ne_ip,
+                    protocol=self.protocol,
+                    owner_user_id=self.owner_user_id,
+                    owner_username=self.owner_username,
+                    command="***" if redacted else str(cmd)[:512],
+                    redacted=bool(redacted),
+                    source=str(source or "stdin")[:32],
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                _log.debug("webcrt command audit failed session=%s", self.session_id, exc_info=True)
+
+    def _note_stdout_for_audit(self, text: str) -> None:
+        """Track device prompts so the next typed line can be redacted if it is a password."""
+        chunk = str(text or "")
+        if not chunk:
+            return
+        with self._cmd_buf_lock:
+            self._stdout_tail = (self._stdout_tail + chunk)[-4000:]
+            if looks_like_password_prompt(self._stdout_tail):
+                self._password_mode = True
+
     def send_break(self) -> None:
         """Send SSH break / Telnet IAC BREAK to interrupt paging or hung commands."""
         if self.closed or self.conn is None:
@@ -472,7 +518,9 @@ class WebcrtSession:
                     self.bytes_out += len(chunk)
                     self.out_queue.put(chunk)
                     try:
-                        self.append_session_log(_decode_bytes(chunk, self.encoding))
+                        decoded = _decode_bytes(chunk, self.encoding)
+                        self.append_session_log(decoded)
+                        self._note_stdout_for_audit(decoded)
                     except Exception:
                         pass
                     if self.cli_hop_guard and self._note_cli_hop_output(chunk):
@@ -516,7 +564,7 @@ class WebcrtSession:
             return
         for cmd in cmds[:20]:
             try:
-                self.write_stdin(cmd + "\r")
+                self.write_stdin(cmd + "\r", audit_source="post_login")
                 time.sleep(0.15)
             except Exception:
                 _log.debug("post_login command failed session=%s", self.session_id, exc_info=True)

netx_api/webcrt_session_registry.py

@@ -261,8 +261,12 @@ def _finish_connect(
             "session_open_failed",
             session_id=sess.session_id,
             ne_id=sess.ne_id,
+            ne_name=sess.ne_name,
             ne_ip=sess.ne_ip,
+            protocol=sess.protocol,
             source=str(device.get("source") or ""),
+            owner_user_id=sess.owner_user_id,
+            owner_username=sess.owner_username,
             client=client or "",
             error=str(exc)[:500],
             transcript_len=len(partial),
@@ -500,6 +504,8 @@ def _finish_connect(
         protocol=sess.protocol,
         encoding=sess.encoding,
         source=str(device.get("source") or ""),
+        owner_user_id=sess.owner_user_id,
+        owner_username=sess.owner_username,
         hop_enabled=bool(creds.get("hop_enabled")),
         hop_vendor=str(creds.get("hop_vendor") or "") if creds.get("hop_enabled") else "",
         cli_hop_guard=bool(hop_guard),
@@ -608,9 +614,12 @@ def create_session(
         "session_connecting",
         session_id=session_id,
         ne_id=sess.ne_id,
+        ne_name=sess.ne_name,
         ne_ip=sess.ne_ip,
         protocol=sess.protocol,
         encoding=enc,
+        owner_user_id=sess.owner_user_id,
+        owner_username=sess.owner_username,
         client=client or "",
         async_connect=bool(async_connect),
     )
@@ -746,7 +755,11 @@ def close_session(session_id: str, *, reason: str = "closed", client: str = "")
             "session_closed",
             session_id=session_id,
             ne_id=sess.ne_id,
+            ne_name=sess.ne_name,
             ne_ip=sess.ne_ip,
+            protocol=sess.protocol,
+            owner_user_id=sess.owner_user_id,
+            owner_username=sess.owner_username,
             reason=reason,
             client=client or "",
             bytes_in=sess.bytes_in,

tests/test_ne_exec_audit.py

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+"""Device exec audit coverage for managed-ne /exec endpoints."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from netx_api.auth_deps import AuthContext, require_user
+from netx_api.db import get_db
+from netx_api.managed_ne_router import router as managed_ne_router
+from netx_api.models import AppUser
+
+
+class ManagedNeExecAuditTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self) -> None:
+        self.app = FastAPI()
+        self.app.include_router(managed_ne_router)
+
+        fake = AppUser(id="u1", username="alice", role="admin", password_hash="x")
+        fake.is_active = True
+
+        def _user() -> AuthContext:
+            return AuthContext(user=fake, auth_via="disabled", scopes=frozenset({"ne:exec"}))
+
+        def _db():
+            yield MagicMock()
+
+        self.app.dependency_overrides[require_user] = _user
+        self.app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = _db
+        self.client = TestClient(self.app)
+
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        self.app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    @patch("netx_api.managed_ne_router.write_audit")
+    @patch("netx_api.managed_ne_router.execute_managed_ne_commands")
+    def test_exec_writes_audit(self, mock_exec: MagicMock, mock_audit: MagicMock) -> None:
+        mock_exec.return_value = {
+            "ok": True,
+            "device": {"name": "core-sw", "ip_address": "10.0.0.1"},
+            "commands": ["display version"],
+            "output": "VRP",
+        }
+        r = self.client.post(
+            "/v1/managed-ne/exec",
+            json={"ne_id": "ne1", "commands": ["display version"]},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(r.status_code, 200)
+        mock_audit.assert_called_once()
+        kwargs = mock_audit.call_args.kwargs
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["action"], "ne.exec")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["actor_username"], "alice")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["detail"]["ne_name"], "core-sw")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["detail"]["commands"], ["display version"])
+
+    @patch("netx_api.managed_ne_router.write_audit")
+    @patch("netx_api.managed_ne_router.execute_managed_ne_commands_batch")
+    def test_exec_batch_writes_audit(self, mock_batch: MagicMock, mock_audit: MagicMock) -> None:
+        mock_batch.return_value = {
+            "items": [{"ok": True}, {"ok": False}],
+        }
+        r = self.client.post(
+            "/v1/managed-ne/exec-batch",
+            json={"ne_ids": ["a", "b"], "commands": ["display clock"]},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(r.status_code, 200)
+        mock_audit.assert_called_once()
+        kwargs = mock_audit.call_args.kwargs
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["action"], "ne.exec_batch")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["detail"]["ok_count"], 1)
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["detail"]["fail_count"], 1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_webcrt.py

@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ class WebcrtServiceTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def tearDown(self) -> None:
         self.setUp()
 
-    def test_session_write_resize_and_close(self) -> None:
+    @patch("netx_api.webcrt_session_model._audit")
+    def test_session_write_resize_and_close(self, _mock_audit: MagicMock) -> None:
         conn = _FakeConn()
         sess = svc.WebcrtSession(
             session_id="s1",
@@ -342,7 +343,8 @@ class WebcrtServiceTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("<r1>", echo)
         self.assertFalse(sess.needs_live_prompt)
         before = list(fake.written)
-        sess.write_stdin("\n")
+        with patch("netx_api.webcrt_session_model._audit"):
+            sess.write_stdin("\n")
         self.assertEqual(fake.written[len(before) :], ["\n"])
         svc.close_session(out["session_id"], reason="test")
 

tests/test_webcrt_audit.py

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+"""Tests for WebCRT / device operation audit (command lines + audit_log dual-write)."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+from netx_api.webcrt_channel import (
+    _DB_AUDIT_EVENTS,
+    _audit,
+    feed_command_line_buffer,
+    looks_like_password_prompt,
+)
+from netx_api.webcrt_session_model import WebcrtSession
+
+
+class FeedCommandLineBufferTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_enter_emits_line(self) -> None:
+        buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer("", "display version\r")
+        self.assertEqual(buf, "")
+        self.assertEqual(lines, ["display version"])
+
+    def test_backspace(self) -> None:
+        buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer("", "disX\x08play\n")
+        self.assertEqual(buf, "")
+        self.assertEqual(lines, ["display"])
+
+    def test_multiline_paste(self) -> None:
+        buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer("", "a\nb\nc\n")
+        self.assertEqual(buf, "")
+        self.assertEqual(lines, ["a", "b", "c"])
+
+    def test_partial_stays_in_buffer(self) -> None:
+        buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer("", "sho")
+        self.assertEqual(buf, "sho")
+        self.assertEqual(lines, [])
+        buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer(buf, "w ver\n")
+        self.assertEqual(buf, "")
+        self.assertEqual(lines, ["show ver"])
+
+    def test_empty_line_skipped(self) -> None:
+        buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer("", "\r\n")
+        self.assertEqual(buf, "")
+        self.assertEqual(lines, [])
+
+    def test_ctrl_c_clears(self) -> None:
+        buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer("half", "\x03show\n")
+        self.assertEqual(buf, "")
+        self.assertEqual(lines, ["show"])
+
+    def test_truncates_long_line(self) -> None:
+        long = "x" * 600
+        buf, lines = feed_command_line_buffer("", long + "\n", max_line=512)
+        self.assertEqual(buf, "")
+        self.assertEqual(len(lines), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lines[0]), 512)
+
+
+class PasswordPromptTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_detects_password_prompt(self) -> None:
+        self.assertTrue(looks_like_password_prompt("Password:"))
+        self.assertTrue(looks_like_password_prompt("Please enter password:"))
+        self.assertTrue(looks_like_password_prompt("请输入密码:"))
+        self.assertFalse(looks_like_password_prompt("<SW>"))
+        self.assertFalse(looks_like_password_prompt("Username:"))
+
+
+class AuditDualWriteTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_db_events_set(self) -> None:
+        self.assertIn("session_created", _DB_AUDIT_EVENTS)
+        self.assertIn("command", _DB_AUDIT_EVENTS)
+        self.assertNotIn("session_attached", _DB_AUDIT_EVENTS)
+
+    @patch("netx_api.webcrt_channel.webcrt_data_root")
+    @patch("netx_api.audit_async.enqueue_audit")
+    def test_lifecycle_enqueues_audit_log(self, mock_enq: MagicMock, mock_root: MagicMock) -> None:
+        root = MagicMock()
+        path = MagicMock()
+        mock_root.return_value = root
+        root.__truediv__ = MagicMock(return_value=path)
+        path.open = MagicMock()
+        fh = MagicMock()
+        path.open.return_value.__enter__ = MagicMock(return_value=fh)
+        path.open.return_value.__exit__ = MagicMock(return_value=False)
+
+        _audit(
+            "session_created",
+            session_id="sid1",
+            ne_id="ne1",
+            ne_name="core-sw",
+            ne_ip="10.0.0.1",
+            protocol="ssh",
+            owner_user_id="u1",
+            owner_username="alice",
+        )
+        mock_enq.assert_called_once()
+        kwargs = mock_enq.call_args.kwargs
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["action"], "webcrt.session_created")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["actor_username"], "alice")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["actor_user_id"], "u1")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["detail"]["ne_name"], "core-sw")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["detail"]["ne_ip"], "10.0.0.1")
+
+    @patch("netx_api.webcrt_channel.webcrt_data_root")
+    @patch("netx_api.audit_async.enqueue_audit")
+    def test_attach_does_not_enqueue(self, mock_enq: MagicMock, mock_root: MagicMock) -> None:
+        root = MagicMock()
+        path = MagicMock()
+        mock_root.return_value = root
+        root.__truediv__ = MagicMock(return_value=path)
+        path.open = MagicMock()
+        fh = MagicMock()
+        path.open.return_value.__enter__ = MagicMock(return_value=fh)
+        path.open.return_value.__exit__ = MagicMock(return_value=False)
+
+        _audit("session_attached", session_id="sid1", ne_id="ne1")
+        mock_enq.assert_not_called()
+
+
+class SessionCommandAuditTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    @patch("netx_api.webcrt_session_model._audit")
+    def test_write_stdin_audits_completed_command(self, mock_audit: MagicMock) -> None:
+        conn = MagicMock()
+        conn.RETURN = "\n"
+        conn.remote_conn = MagicMock(spec=["recv_ready", "recv", "exit_status_ready", "resize_pty"])
+        # Force write_channel path (no send).
+        del conn.remote_conn.send
+        conn.write_channel = MagicMock()
+
+        sess = WebcrtSession(
+            session_id="s-cmd",
+            ne_id="ne1",
+            ne_name="lab",
+            ne_ip="1.2.3.4",
+            protocol="ssh",
+            cols=80,
+            rows=24,
+            cli_keymap=False,
+            owner_user_id="u1",
+            owner_username="bob",
+            conn=conn,
+        )
+        sess.write_stdin("display version\r")
+        mock_audit.assert_called()
+        event = mock_audit.call_args[0][0]
+        self.assertEqual(event, "command")
+        kwargs = mock_audit.call_args.kwargs
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["command"], "display version")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["owner_username"], "bob")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["ne_name"], "lab")
+        self.assertFalse(kwargs["redacted"])
+
+    @patch("netx_api.webcrt_session_model._audit")
+    def test_password_mode_redacts_command(self, mock_audit: MagicMock) -> None:
+        conn = MagicMock()
+        conn.RETURN = "\n"
+        conn.remote_conn = MagicMock(spec=["recv_ready", "recv", "exit_status_ready", "resize_pty"])
+        del conn.remote_conn.send
+        conn.write_channel = MagicMock()
+
+        sess = WebcrtSession(
+            session_id="s-pw",
+            ne_id="ne1",
+            ne_name="lab",
+            ne_ip="1.2.3.4",
+            protocol="ssh",
+            cols=80,
+            rows=24,
+            cli_keymap=False,
+            conn=conn,
+        )
+        sess._note_stdout_for_audit("Password:")
+        self.assertTrue(sess._password_mode)
+        sess.write_stdin("secret-pass\r")
+        kwargs = mock_audit.call_args.kwargs
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["command"], "***")
+        self.assertTrue(kwargs["redacted"])
+        self.assertFalse(sess._password_mode)
+
+    @patch("netx_api.webcrt_session_model._audit")
+    def test_post_login_source(self, mock_audit: MagicMock) -> None:
+        conn = MagicMock()
+        conn.RETURN = "\n"
+        conn.remote_conn = MagicMock(spec=["recv_ready", "recv", "exit_status_ready", "resize_pty"])
+        del conn.remote_conn.send
+        conn.write_channel = MagicMock()
+
+        sess = WebcrtSession(
+            session_id="s-pl",
+            ne_id="ne1",
+            ne_name="lab",
+            ne_ip="1.2.3.4",
+            protocol="ssh",
+            cols=80,
+            rows=24,
+            cli_keymap=False,
+            conn=conn,
+            post_login_commands=["screen-length 0 temporary"],
+        )
+        with patch("netx_api.webcrt_session_model.time.sleep"):
+            sess.run_post_login_commands()
+        kwargs = mock_audit.call_args.kwargs
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["source"], "post_login")
+        self.assertEqual(kwargs["command"], "screen-length 0 temporary")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

web/src/i18n/en.ts

@@ -1867,6 +1867,24 @@ const en = {
   audit: {
     title: "Audit & ops",
     logsTitle: "Operation logs",
+    colSummary: "Summary",
+    colDetail: "Detail",
+    showDetail: "Expand",
+    hideDetail: "Collapse",
+    filterAll: "All",
+    filterWebcrt: "Device terminal",
+    filterNeExec: "Device exec",
+    filterAuth: "Auth",
+    summary: {
+      connecting: "Connecting to {{device}}",
+      loginOk: "Logged in to {{device}}",
+      loginFail: "Login failed {{device}}: {{error}}",
+      logout: "Disconnected {{device}}",
+      logoutReason: "Disconnected {{device}} ({{reason}})",
+      command: "{{device}} · cmd: {{command}}",
+      neExec: "{{device}} · exec: {{commands}}",
+      neExecBatch: "Batch exec {{n}} NE(s) (ok {{ok}} / fail {{fail}})",
+    },
     nav: {
       tasks: "Task overview",
       logs: "Operation logs",

web/src/i18n/zh.ts

@@ -1845,6 +1845,24 @@ const zh = {
   audit: {
     title: "操作审计",
     logsTitle: "操作日志",
+    colSummary: "摘要",
+    colDetail: "详情",
+    showDetail: "展开",
+    hideDetail: "收起",
+    filterAll: "全部",
+    filterWebcrt: "设备终端",
+    filterNeExec: "设备执行",
+    filterAuth: "登录认证",
+    summary: {
+      connecting: "正在登录 {{device}}",
+      loginOk: "登录 {{device}}",
+      loginFail: "登录失败 {{device}}：{{error}}",
+      logout: "断开 {{device}}",
+      logoutReason: "断开 {{device}}（{{reason}}）",
+      command: "{{device}} · 命令: {{command}}",
+      neExec: "{{device}} · 执行: {{commands}}",
+      neExecBatch: "批量执行 {{n}} 台（成功 {{ok}} / 失败 {{fail}}）",
+    },
     nav: {
       tasks: "任务概览",
       logs: "操作日志",

web/src/index.css

@@ -10664,3 +10664,49 @@ option {
   border-color: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.2) !important;
   color: #e2e8f0 !important;
 }
+
+/* Operation audit logs */
+.system-page .audit-quick-filters button.is-active {
+  background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.18);
+  border-color: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.55);
+  color: #1e3a8a;
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+
+.system-page .audit-summary-cell {
+  max-width: 420px;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.system-page button.linkish {
+  background: transparent;
+  border: none;
+  color: #2563eb;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  padding: 0;
+  height: auto;
+  font: inherit;
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.system-page .audit-detail-row td {
+  background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
+  padding: 10px 12px 14px;
+}
+
+.system-page .audit-detail-pre {
+  margin: 0;
+  max-height: 240px;
+  overflow: auto;
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
+  word-break: break-word;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  line-height: 1.45;
+}
+
+.system-page .audit-detail-meta {
+  margin: 8px 0 0;
+}

web/src/pages/AuditPage.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import { Fragment, useMemo, useState } from "react";
 import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
 import { useAuth } from "../auth/AuthContext";
 import { useI18n } from "../i18n";
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ type AuditItem = {
   detail: Record<string, unknown>;
 };
 
+type QuickFilter = "" | "webcrt." | "ne.exec" | "auth.";
+
 function statusClass(code: number): string {
   if (code >= 500) return "pt-list-status--failed";
   if (code >= 400) return "pt-list-status--warning";
@@ -24,21 +26,89 @@ function statusClass(code: number): string {
   return "pt-list-status--other";
 }
 
+function detailStr(detail: Record<string, unknown>, key: string): string {
+  const v = detail?.[key];
+  if (v == null) return "";
+  return String(v).trim();
+}
+
+function deviceLabel(detail: Record<string, unknown>): string {
+  const name = detailStr(detail, "ne_name");
+  const ip = detailStr(detail, "ne_ip");
+  if (name && ip) return `${name} (${ip})`;
+  return name || ip || detailStr(detail, "ne_id") || "";
+}
+
+export function auditSummary(
+  action: string,
+  detail: Record<string, unknown>,
+  t: (key: string, vars?: Record<string, string>) => string,
+): string {
+  const d = detail || {};
+  const device = deviceLabel(d);
+  if (action === "webcrt.session_connecting") {
+    return t("audit.summary.connecting", { device: device || t("common.empty") });
+  }
+  if (action === "webcrt.session_created") {
+    return t("audit.summary.loginOk", { device: device || t("common.empty") });
+  }
+  if (action === "webcrt.session_open_failed") {
+    const err = detailStr(d, "error") || t("common.empty");
+    return t("audit.summary.loginFail", { device: device || t("common.empty"), error: err.slice(0, 80) });
+  }
+  if (action === "webcrt.session_closed") {
+    const reason = detailStr(d, "reason");
+    return reason
+      ? t("audit.summary.logoutReason", { device: device || t("common.empty"), reason })
+      : t("audit.summary.logout", { device: device || t("common.empty") });
+  }
+  if (action === "webcrt.command") {
+    const cmd = detailStr(d, "command") || t("common.empty");
+    const redacted = Boolean(d.redacted);
+    return t("audit.summary.command", {
+      device: device || t("common.empty"),
+      command: redacted ? "***" : cmd,
+    });
+  }
+  if (action === "ne.exec") {
+    const cmds = Array.isArray(d.commands) ? d.commands.map(String).filter(Boolean) : [];
+    return t("audit.summary.neExec", {
+      device: device || t("common.empty"),
+      commands: cmds.slice(0, 3).join("; ") || t("common.empty"),
+    });
+  }
+  if (action === "ne.exec_batch") {
+    return t("audit.summary.neExecBatch", {
+      n: String(d.target_count ?? ((d.ne_ids as unknown[]) || []).length || 0),
+      ok: String(d.ok_count ?? 0),
+      fail: String(d.fail_count ?? 0),
+    });
+  }
+  if (action.startsWith("auth.")) {
+    return action.replace(/^auth\./, "");
+  }
+  return "";
+}
+
 export function AuditPage() {
   const { t } = useI18n();
   const { ready, isAdmin } = useAuth();
   const [page, setPage] = useState(1);
   const [username, setUsername] = useState("");
   const [action, setAction] = useState("");
+  const [quick, setQuick] = useState<QuickFilter>("");
+  const [expanded, setExpanded] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+  const effectiveAction = action.trim() || quick;
 
   const query = useQuery({
-    queryKey: ["auditLogs", page, username, action],
+    queryKey: ["auditLogs", page, username, effectiveAction],
     queryFn: () => {
       const p = new URLSearchParams();
       p.set("page", String(page));
       p.set("page_size", "50");
       if (username.trim()) p.set("username", username.trim());
-      if (action.trim()) p.set("action", action.trim());
+      if (effectiveAction) p.set("action", effectiveAction);
       return apiGet<{ total: number; page: number; page_size: number; items: AuditItem[] }>(
         `/v1/audit-logs?${p.toString()}`,
       );
@@ -49,7 +119,13 @@ export function AuditPage() {
   const items = useMemo(() => query.data?.items || [], [query.data]);
   const total = query.data?.total || 0;
   const pages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(total / 50));
-  const hasFilters = Boolean(username.trim() || action.trim());
+  const hasFilters = Boolean(username.trim() || action.trim() || quick);
+
+  const setQuickFilter = (next: QuickFilter) => {
+    setPage(1);
+    setQuick(next);
+    if (next) setAction("");
+  };
 
   return (
     <div className="page-stack system-page">
@@ -60,6 +136,26 @@ export function AuditPage() {
         <p className="panel__hint">{isAdmin ? t("auth.auditHintAdmin") : t("auth.auditHintUser")}</p>
 
         <div className="pt-list">
+          <div className="filter-inline audit-quick-filters">
+            {(
+              [
+                ["", "audit.filterAll"],
+                ["webcrt.", "audit.filterWebcrt"],
+                ["ne.exec", "audit.filterNeExec"],
+                ["auth.", "audit.filterAuth"],
+              ] as const
+            ).map(([value, labelKey]) => (
+              <button
+                key={value || "all"}
+                type="button"
+                className={quick === value && !action.trim() ? "is-active" : undefined}
+                onClick={() => setQuickFilter(value)}
+              >
+                {t(labelKey)}
+              </button>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+
           <div className="filter-inline">
             {isAdmin ? (
               <input
@@ -77,6 +173,7 @@ export function AuditPage() {
               onChange={(e) => {
                 setPage(1);
                 setAction(e.target.value);
+                if (e.target.value.trim()) setQuick("");
               }}
             />
             <button type="button" onClick={() => void query.refetch()} disabled={query.isFetching}>
@@ -88,6 +185,7 @@ export function AuditPage() {
               onClick={() => {
                 setUsername("");
                 setAction("");
+                setQuick("");
                 setPage(1);
               }}
             >
@@ -109,35 +207,60 @@ export function AuditPage() {
                     <th>{t("auth.colTime")}</th>
                     <th>{t("auth.colUser")}</th>
                     <th>{t("auth.colAction")}</th>
-                    <th>{t("auth.colMethod")}</th>
-                    <th>{t("auth.colPath")}</th>
+                    <th>{t("audit.colSummary")}</th>
                     <th>{t("auth.colStatus")}</th>
                     <th>{t("auth.colIp")}</th>
+                    <th>{t("audit.colDetail")}</th>
                   </tr>
                 </thead>
                 <tbody>
-                  {items.map((row) => (
-                    <tr key={row.id} title={JSON.stringify(row.detail || {})}>
-                      <td className="pt-list-time">
-                        {row.ts ? formatSystemTime(row.ts) : t("common.empty")}
-                      </td>
-                      <td className="pt-list-task-name">{row.actor_username || t("common.empty")}</td>
-                      <td>{row.action}</td>
-                      <td className="pt-list-num">{row.method}</td>
-                      <td
-                        className="pt-list-num"
-                        style={{ maxWidth: 280, overflow: "hidden", textOverflow: "ellipsis" }}
-                      >
-                        {row.path}
-                      </td>
-                      <td>
-                        <span className={`pt-list-status ${statusClass(row.status_code)}`}>
-                          {row.status_code}
-                        </span>
-                      </td>
-                      <td className="pt-list-num">{row.client_ip || t("common.empty")}</td>
-                    </tr>
-                  ))}
+                  {items.map((row) => {
+                    const open = expanded === row.id;
+                    const summary = auditSummary(row.action, row.detail || {}, t);
+                    return (
+                      <Fragment key={row.id}>
+                        <tr>
+                          <td className="pt-list-time">
+                            {row.ts ? formatSystemTime(row.ts) : t("common.empty")}
+                          </td>
+                          <td className="pt-list-task-name">{row.actor_username || t("common.empty")}</td>
+                          <td className="pt-list-num">{row.action}</td>
+                          <td className="audit-summary-cell">{summary || row.path || t("common.empty")}</td>
+                          <td>
+                            {row.status_code ? (
+                              <span className={`pt-list-status ${statusClass(row.status_code)}`}>
+                                {row.status_code}
+                              </span>
+                            ) : (
+                              <span className="muted">—</span>
+                            )}
+                          </td>
+                          <td className="pt-list-num">{row.client_ip || t("common.empty")}</td>
+                          <td>
+                            <button
+                              type="button"
+                              className="linkish"
+                              onClick={() => setExpanded(open ? null : row.id)}
+                            >
+                              {open ? t("audit.hideDetail") : t("audit.showDetail")}
+                            </button>
+                          </td>
+                        </tr>
+                        {open ? (
+                          <tr className="audit-detail-row">
+                            <td colSpan={7}>
+                              <pre className="audit-detail-pre">{JSON.stringify(row.detail || {}, null, 2)}</pre>
+                              {row.method || row.path ? (
+                                <p className="muted audit-detail-meta">
+                                  {row.method} {row.path}
+                                </p>
+                              ) : null}
+                            </td>
+                          </tr>
+                        ) : null}
+                      </Fragment>
+                    );
+                  })}
                 </tbody>
               </table>
             </div>