fix(scheduler): default scheduled job timezone to system timezone

Replace hardcoded Asia/Shanghai with host IANA timezone detection for new scheduled jobs across tools, admin API, gateway cron, and store layer.

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

interfaces/admin/routes.py

@@ -2360,6 +2360,7 @@ def build_admin_router() -> APIRouter:
     ) -> dict[str, Any]:
         from runtime.scheduler.cron_service import build_default_delivery
         from runtime.scheduler.expressions import normalize_schedule_kind
+        from runtime.scheduler.system_timezone import default_system_timezone
 
         store = get_assistant_store()
         ctx = _resolve_auth(store, authorization)
@@ -2381,7 +2382,7 @@ def build_admin_router() -> APIRouter:
             prompt_text=prompt_text,
             schedule_kind=schedule_kind,
             schedule_expr=schedule_expr,
-            timezone_name=str(payload.get("timezone") or "Asia/Shanghai"),
+            timezone_name=str(payload.get("timezone") or default_system_timezone()),
             description=str(payload.get("description") or ""),
             interaction_mode=normalize_interaction_mode(payload.get("interaction_mode") or "expert"),
             specialist=normalize_requested_specialist(payload.get("specialist") or "generalist"),

runtime/scheduler/cron_service.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import json
 from typing import Any
 
 from runtime.scheduler.expressions import compute_next_run_at, normalize_schedule_kind
+from runtime.scheduler.system_timezone import default_system_timezone
 from runtime.scheduler.service import run_scheduled_job_now
 from runtime.scheduler.session_resolver import parse_delivery_json, resolve_weixin_binding
 
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ class CronService:
             prompt_text=prompt,
             schedule_kind=schedule_kind,
             schedule_expr=schedule,
-            timezone_name=str(p.get("timezone") or "Asia/Shanghai"),
+            timezone_name=str(p.get("timezone") or default_system_timezone()),
             description=str(p.get("description") or ""),
             interaction_mode=str(p.get("interaction_mode") or "expert"),
             specialist=str(p.get("specialist") or "generalist"),

runtime/scheduler/expressions.py

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from typing import Any
 from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
 
+from runtime.scheduler.system_timezone import default_system_timezone
+
 try:
     from croniter import croniter
 except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover - guarded in requirements
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ def compute_next_run_at(
     *,
     schedule_kind: str,
     schedule_expr: str,
-    timezone_name: str = "Asia/Shanghai",
+    timezone_name: str | None = None,
     from_dt: datetime | None = None,
 ) -> str | None:
     kind = normalize_schedule_kind(schedule_kind)
@@ -63,9 +65,9 @@ def compute_next_run_at(
     if croniter is None:
         raise RuntimeError("croniter is required for cron schedules")
     try:
-        tz = ZoneInfo(str(timezone_name or "Asia/Shanghai"))
+        tz = ZoneInfo(str(timezone_name or default_system_timezone()))
     except Exception:
-        tz = ZoneInfo("Asia/Shanghai")
+        tz = ZoneInfo(default_system_timezone())
     local_base = base.astimezone(tz)
     itr = croniter(expr, local_base)
     nxt_local = itr.get_next(datetime)

runtime/scheduler/system_timezone.py

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from functools import lru_cache
+from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo, available_timezones
+
+# Windows registry TimeZoneKeyName -> IANA (common subset; unmapped names fall back to offset).
+_WINDOWS_IANA_TZ: dict[str, str] = {
+    "Afghanistan Standard Time": "Asia/Kabul",
+    "Alaskan Standard Time": "America/Anchorage",
+    "Arab Standard Time": "Asia/Riyadh",
+    "Arabian Standard Time": "Asia/Dubai",
+    "Arabic Standard Time": "Asia/Baghdad",
+    "Argentina Standard Time": "America/Buenos_Aires",
+    "AUS Central Standard Time": "Australia/Darwin",
+    "AUS Eastern Standard Time": "Australia/Sydney",
+    "Azores Standard Time": "Atlantic/Azores",
+    "Bangladesh Standard Time": "Asia/Dhaka",
+    "Canada Central Standard Time": "America/Regina",
+    "Cape Verde Standard Time": "Atlantic/Cape_Verde",
+    "Caucasus Standard Time": "Asia/Yerevan",
+    "Cen. Australia Standard Time": "Australia/Adelaide",
+    "Central America Standard Time": "America/Guatemala",
+    "Central Asia Standard Time": "Asia/Almaty",
+    "Central Brazilian Standard Time": "America/Cuiaba",
+    "Central Europe Standard Time": "Europe/Budapest",
+    "Central European Standard Time": "Europe/Warsaw",
+    "Central Pacific Standard Time": "Pacific/Guadalcanal",
+    "Central Standard Time": "America/Chicago",
+    "Central Standard Time (Mexico)": "America/Mexico_City",
+    "China Standard Time": "Asia/Shanghai",
+    "Dateline Standard Time": "Etc/GMT+12",
+    "E. Africa Standard Time": "Africa/Nairobi",
+    "E. Australia Standard Time": "Australia/Brisbane",
+    "E. Europe Standard Time": "Europe/Chisinau",
+    "E. South America Standard Time": "America/Sao_Paulo",
+    "Eastern Standard Time": "America/New_York",
+    "Egypt Standard Time": "Africa/Cairo",
+    "Ekaterinburg Standard Time": "Asia/Yekaterinburg",
+    "Fiji Standard Time": "Pacific/Fiji",
+    "FLE Standard Time": "Europe/Kiev",
+    "Georgian Standard Time": "Asia/Tbilisi",
+    "GMT Standard Time": "Europe/London",
+    "Greenland Standard Time": "America/Godthab",
+    "Greenwich Standard Time": "Atlantic/Reykjavik",
+    "GTB Standard Time": "Europe/Bucharest",
+    "Hawaiian Standard Time": "Pacific/Honolulu",
+    "India Standard Time": "Asia/Kolkata",
+    "Iran Standard Time": "Asia/Tehran",
+    "Israel Standard Time": "Asia/Jerusalem",
+    "Jordan Standard Time": "Asia/Amman",
+    "Kaliningrad Standard Time": "Europe/Kaliningrad",
+    "Korea Standard Time": "Asia/Seoul",
+    "Libya Standard Time": "Africa/Tripoli",
+    "Line Islands Standard Time": "Pacific/Kiritimati",
+    "Magadan Standard Time": "Asia/Magadan",
+    "Mauritius Standard Time": "Indian/Mauritius",
+    "Mid-Atlantic Standard Time": "Etc/GMT+2",
+    "Middle East Standard Time": "Asia/Beirut",
+    "Montevideo Standard Time": "America/Montevideo",
+    "Morocco Standard Time": "Africa/Casablanca",
+    "Mountain Standard Time": "America/Denver",
+    "Mountain Standard Time (Mexico)": "America/Chihuahua",
+    "Myanmar Standard Time": "Asia/Yangon",
+    "N. Central Asia Standard Time": "Asia/Novosibirsk",
+    "Namibia Standard Time": "Africa/Windhoek",
+    "Nepal Standard Time": "Asia/Kathmandu",
+    "New Zealand Standard Time": "Pacific/Auckland",
+    "Newfoundland Standard Time": "America/St_Johns",
+    "North Asia East Standard Time": "Asia/Ulaanbaatar",
+    "North Asia Standard Time": "Asia/Krasnoyarsk",
+    "Pacific SA Standard Time": "America/Santiago",
+    "Pacific Standard Time": "America/Los_Angeles",
+    "Pacific Standard Time (Mexico)": "America/Tijuana",
+    "Pakistan Standard Time": "Asia/Karachi",
+    "Paraguay Standard Time": "America/Asuncion",
+    "Romance Standard Time": "Europe/Paris",
+    "Russia Time Zone 10": "Asia/Srednekolymsk",
+    "Russia Time Zone 11": "Asia/Kamchatka",
+    "Russia Time Zone 3": "Europe/Samara",
+    "Russian Standard Time": "Europe/Moscow",
+    "SA Eastern Standard Time": "America/Cayenne",
+    "SA Pacific Standard Time": "America/Bogota",
+    "SA Western Standard Time": "America/La_Paz",
+    "SE Asia Standard Time": "Asia/Bangkok",
+    "Singapore Standard Time": "Asia/Singapore",
+    "South Africa Standard Time": "Africa/Johannesburg",
+    "Sri Lanka Standard Time": "Asia/Colombo",
+    "Syria Standard Time": "Asia/Damascus",
+    "Taipei Standard Time": "Asia/Taipei",
+    "Tasmania Standard Time": "Australia/Hobart",
+    "Tokyo Standard Time": "Asia/Tokyo",
+    "Tonga Standard Time": "Pacific/Tongatapu",
+    "Turkey Standard Time": "Europe/Istanbul",
+    "US Eastern Standard Time": "America/Indianapolis",
+    "US Mountain Standard Time": "America/Phoenix",
+    "UTC": "UTC",
+    "UTC+12": "Etc/GMT-12",
+    "UTC-02": "Etc/GMT+2",
+    "UTC-11": "Etc/GMT+11",
+    "Venezuela Standard Time": "America/Caracas",
+    "Vladivostok Standard Time": "Asia/Vladivostok",
+    "W. Australia Standard Time": "Australia/Perth",
+    "W. Central Africa Standard Time": "Africa/Lagos",
+    "W. Europe Standard Time": "Europe/Berlin",
+    "West Asia Standard Time": "Asia/Tashkent",
+    "West Pacific Standard Time": "Pacific/Port_Moresby",
+    "Yakutsk Standard Time": "Asia/Yakutsk",
+}
+
+
+def _validate_iana(name: str) -> str | None:
+    tz = str(name or "").strip()
+    if not tz:
+        return None
+    try:
+        ZoneInfo(tz)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+    if tz not in available_timezones() and tz != "UTC":
+        # Allow Etc/* aliases even if not enumerated on some platforms.
+        if not tz.startswith("Etc/"):
+            return None
+    return tz
+
+
+def _offset_fallback_timezone() -> str:
+    local = datetime.now().astimezone()
+    offset = local.utcoffset()
+    if offset is None:
+        return "UTC"
+    hours = int(offset.total_seconds() // 3600)
+    if hours == 0:
+        return "UTC"
+    # Etc/GMT sign is inverted: Etc/GMT-8 == UTC+8.
+    sign = "-" if hours > 0 else "+"
+    return f"Etc/GMT{sign}{abs(hours)}"
+
+
+def _windows_system_timezone() -> str | None:
+    try:
+        import winreg
+    except ImportError:
+        return None
+    try:
+        with winreg.OpenKey(
+            winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+            r"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation",
+        ) as key:
+            win_name = str(winreg.QueryValueEx(key, "TimeZoneKeyName")[0] or "").strip()
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+    mapped = _WINDOWS_IANA_TZ.get(win_name)
+    if mapped:
+        return _validate_iana(mapped)
+    return None
+
+
+def _unix_system_timezone() -> str | None:
+    try:
+        local_tz = datetime.now().astimezone().tzinfo
+        key = getattr(local_tz, "key", None)
+        if isinstance(key, str):
+            return _validate_iana(key)
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+    return None
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+def default_system_timezone() -> str:
+    """Return the host IANA timezone used as the scheduler default."""
+    for candidate in (
+        os.environ.get("AIA_SCHEDULER_DEFAULT_TIMEZONE"),
+        os.environ.get("TZ"),
+    ):
+        validated = _validate_iana(str(candidate or ""))
+        if validated:
+            return validated
+
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        win_tz = _windows_system_timezone()
+        if win_tz:
+            return win_tz
+    else:
+        unix_tz = _unix_system_timezone()
+        if unix_tz:
+            return unix_tz
+
+    offset_tz = _validate_iana(_offset_fallback_timezone())
+    return offset_tz or "UTC"
+
+
+def reset_default_system_timezone_cache() -> None:
+    default_system_timezone.cache_clear()
+
+
+__all__ = ["default_system_timezone", "reset_default_system_timezone_cache"]

runtime/tools/experts/productivity/schedule_tools.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from typing import Any
 
 from runtime.scheduler.cron_service import build_delivery_for_session
 from runtime.scheduler.expressions import normalize_schedule_kind
+from runtime.scheduler.system_timezone import default_system_timezone
 from runtime.scheduler.service import run_scheduled_job_now
 from runtime.types import normalize_interaction_mode, normalize_requested_specialist
 from svc.persistence.assistant_store import get_assistant_store
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ def schedule_create_tool() -> ToolSpec:
                 prompt_text=prompt_text,
                 schedule_kind=schedule_kind,
                 schedule_expr=schedule_expr,
-                timezone_name=str(args.get("timezone") or "Asia/Shanghai"),
+                timezone_name=str(args.get("timezone") or default_system_timezone()),
                 description=str(args.get("description") or ""),
                 interaction_mode=interaction_mode,
                 specialist=specialist,
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ def schedule_create_tool() -> ToolSpec:
                 "prompt_text": {"type": "string"},
                 "schedule_kind": {"type": "string", "enum": ["cron", "once", "interval"]},
                 "schedule_expr": {"type": "string"},
-                "timezone": {"type": "string", "default": "Asia/Shanghai"},
+                "timezone": {"type": "string", "description": "IANA timezone; defaults to the host system timezone."},
                 "interaction_mode": {"type": "string"},
                 "specialist": {"type": "string"},
                 "selected_specialist": {"type": "string"},

svc/persistence/assistant_store_protocol.py

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ class AssistantStoreProtocol(Protocol):
     def todo_create(self, *, tenant_id: 'str', owner_user_id: 'str', title: 'str', due_at: 'str | None' = None, assignee_user_id: 'str | None' = None) -> 'dict[str, Any]': ...
     def todo_list(self, *, tenant_id: 'str', assignee_user_id: 'str | None' = None, status: 'str | None' = 'open', limit: 'int' = 50) -> 'list[dict[str, Any]]': ...
     def todo_set_status(self, *, tenant_id: 'str', todo_id: 'str', status: 'str') -> 'bool': ...
-    def scheduled_job_create(self, *, tenant_id: 'str', name: 'str', prompt_text: 'str', schedule_kind: 'str', schedule_expr: 'str', timezone_name: 'str' = 'Asia/Shanghai', description: 'str' = '', interaction_mode: 'str' = 'expert', specialist: 'str' = 'generalist', lang: 'str' = 'zh', delivery: 'dict[str, Any] | None' = None, source_session_id: 'str | None' = None, created_by_user_id: 'str' = '', source: 'str' = 'admin', status: 'str' = 'active') -> 'Any': ...
+    def scheduled_job_create(self, *, tenant_id: 'str', name: 'str', prompt_text: 'str', schedule_kind: 'str', schedule_expr: 'str', timezone_name: 'str | None' = None, description: 'str' = '', interaction_mode: 'str' = 'expert', specialist: 'str' = 'generalist', lang: 'str' = 'zh', delivery: 'dict[str, Any] | None' = None, source_session_id: 'str | None' = None, created_by_user_id: 'str' = '', source: 'str' = 'admin', status: 'str' = 'active') -> 'Any': ...
     def scheduled_job_get(self, *, job_id: 'str', tenant_id: 'str | None' = None) -> 'Any | None': ...
     def scheduled_job_list(self, *, tenant_id: 'str', status: 'str | None' = None, limit: 'int' = 100, offset: 'int' = 0) -> 'list[Any]': ...
     def scheduled_job_update(self, *, tenant_id: 'str', job_id: 'str', patch: 'dict[str, Any]') -> 'Any | None': ...

svc/persistence/scheduled_job_store.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import Any
 
 from runtime.scheduler.expressions import compute_next_run_at, normalize_schedule_kind
+from runtime.scheduler.system_timezone import default_system_timezone
 
 SCHEDULED_JOB_DDL = """
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS scheduled_job (
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ def _row_to_job(row: Any) -> ScheduledJob:
         status=str(row["status"] or ""),
         schedule_kind=str(row["schedule_kind"] or ""),
         schedule_expr=str(row["schedule_expr"] or ""),
-        timezone=str(row["timezone"] or "Asia/Shanghai"),
+        timezone=str(row["timezone"] or default_system_timezone()),
         prompt_text=str(row["prompt_text"] or ""),
         interaction_mode=str(row["interaction_mode"] or "expert"),
         specialist=str(row["specialist"] or "generalist"),
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ class ScheduledJobStoreMixin:
         prompt_text: str,
         schedule_kind: str,
         schedule_expr: str,
-        timezone_name: str = "Asia/Shanghai",
+        timezone_name: str | None = None,
         description: str = "",
         interaction_mode: str = "expert",
         specialist: str = "generalist",
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ class ScheduledJobStoreMixin:
         jid = str(uuid.uuid4())
         ts = utc_now_iso()
         kind = normalize_schedule_kind(schedule_kind)
-        tz = str(timezone_name or "Asia/Shanghai").strip() or "Asia/Shanghai"
+        tz = str(timezone_name or default_system_timezone()).strip() or default_system_timezone()
         next_run = compute_next_run_at(
             schedule_kind=kind,
             schedule_expr=str(schedule_expr or "").strip(),

tests/test_scheduler_system_timezone.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from runtime.scheduler.system_timezone import (
+    default_system_timezone,
+    reset_default_system_timezone_cache,
+)
+from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+
+
+class SchedulerSystemTimezoneTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        reset_default_system_timezone_cache()
+        os.environ.pop("AIA_SCHEDULER_DEFAULT_TIMEZONE", None)
+        os.environ.pop("TZ", None)
+
+    def test_env_override_wins(self) -> None:
+        os.environ["AIA_SCHEDULER_DEFAULT_TIMEZONE"] = "Europe/Berlin"
+        reset_default_system_timezone_cache()
+        self.assertEqual(default_system_timezone(), "Europe/Berlin")
+
+    def test_windows_registry_maps_to_iana(self) -> None:
+        with patch("runtime.scheduler.system_timezone.sys.platform", "win32"), patch(
+            "runtime.scheduler.system_timezone._windows_system_timezone",
+            return_value="Asia/Jakarta",
+        ):
+            reset_default_system_timezone_cache()
+            self.assertEqual(default_system_timezone(), "Asia/Jakarta")
+
+    def test_default_is_valid_iana(self) -> None:
+        tz = default_system_timezone()
+        ZoneInfo(tz)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()