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docs/ip-knowledge-base/zte/03_配置规范与基线/LDP_配置基线.md
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docs/ip-knowledge-base/zte/03_配置规范与基线/LDP_配置基线.md
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# LDP配置基线
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## 标准配置模板
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### 基础LDP配置
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```bash
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mpls ldp instance 1
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discovery hello holdtime 180
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discovery targeted-hello holdtime 180
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graceful-restart
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graceful-restart timer max-recovery 600
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graceful-restart timer neighbor-liveness 300
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access-fec ip-prefix host-route-only ! 显示指定仅主机路由分配标签
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interface smartgroup1 !接口使能ldp
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$
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router-id loopback1 ! 显式指定Router-ID(推荐用Loopback地址)
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target-session 10.26.63.152 ! 通过 target-session 配置ldp
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```
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---
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## 关键参数推荐值
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| 参数 | 推荐值 | 说明 |
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| -------------------| -----------------------| --------------------------------------|
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| Router-ID | Loopback0地址(32位) | 必须全网唯一且稳定 |
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| 传输地址 | Loopback地址 | 避免物理接口Down导致LDP会话中断 |
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| Hello间隔(链路) | 5秒 | 默认值,直连邻居发现 |
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| Hello间隔(目标) | 15秒 | 用于非直连邻居(需配`neighbor`命令) |
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| Keepalive间隔 | 45秒 | TCP连接保活 |
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| Hold Time | 180秒 | Hello保持时间(4倍Hello间隔) |
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| 标签分配模式 | DU(下游主动) | 默认模式,无需配置 |
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| FEC过滤策略 | 不过滤(默认) | 除非有安全或资源限制需求 |
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---
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## 常见配置陷阱与规避
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### ⚠️ 陷阱1:access-fec过滤导致标签缺失
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**现象**:某些非32位FEC没有分配到标签,MPLS转发出接口为NULL
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**错误配置示例**:
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```bash
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mpls ldp nstance 1
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access-fec ip-prefix host-route-only ! 只给32位主机路由分标签
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```
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**问题根因**:
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- 该配置强制LDP只为/32掩码的主机路由分配标签
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- 对于/30或/31的互联地址,即使LDP默认会分配标签,也会被过滤掉
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- **后果**:跨域VPN场景中,若BGP下一跳是互联地址(非32位),会导致标签缺失→流量黑洞
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**规避方案**:
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- 评估业务需求,若无特殊安全要求,**不要配置**`access-fec`过滤
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- 若必须限制标签分配范围,使用更精细的prefix-list:
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```bash
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ip prefix-list ALLOW-HOST-ROUTES seq 5 permit 0.0.0.0/0 le 32
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mpls ldp
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access-fec ip-prefix prefix-list ALLOW-HOST-ROUTES ! 允许所有前缀
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```
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**关联案例**:参见 `04_历史故障案例库/BGP/标签与LDP类/BGP_跨域下一跳NULL_LDP策略与下一跳修复_20260720.md`
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---
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## 验证命令速查
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```bash
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# 查看ldp是否存在告警
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show alarm current typeid ldp
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# 查看LDP会话状态
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show mpls ldp neighbor brief instance 1
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show mpls ldp neighbor <ldp-neighbor> detail instance 1
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show mpls ldp neighbor detail instance 1
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# 查看标签绑定关系
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show mpls ldp bindings 10.0.0.8 32 detail instance 1 ! 优先使用
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show mpls ldp bindings 10.0.0.8 32 instance 1 ! 优先使用
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show mpls ldp bindings instance 1
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# 查看标签转发表
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show mpls forwarding-table 10.0.0.8 32
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show mpls forwarding-table
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# 查看LDP配置
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show running-config ldp
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```
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---
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**维护建议**:
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- 每季度审查一次LDP配置基线,确保与现网实践一致
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- 新增LDP邻居前,必须在变更窗口内验证MD5认证和标签分配
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- 对于跨域Option-B场景,务必同步检查BGP next-hop-self配置
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**关联文档**:
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- `06_标准SOP与工具脚本/MPLS标签排障命令速查.md`
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