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openclaw/docs/concepts/timezone.md

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+---
+summary: "Timezone handling for agents, envelopes, and prompts"
+read_when:
+  - You need to understand how timestamps are normalized for the model
+  - Configuring the user timezone for system prompts
+title: "Timezones"
+---
+
+# Timezones
+
+OpenClaw standardizes timestamps so the model sees a **single reference time**.
+
+## Message envelopes (local by default)
+
+Inbound messages are wrapped in an envelope like:
+
+```
+[Provider ... 2026-01-05 16:26 PST] message text
+```
+
+The timestamp in the envelope is **host-local by default**, with minutes precision.
+
+You can override this with:
+
+```json5
+{
+  agents: {
+    defaults: {
+      envelopeTimezone: "local", // "utc" | "local" | "user" | IANA timezone
+      envelopeTimestamp: "on", // "on" | "off"
+      envelopeElapsed: "on", // "on" | "off"
+    },
+  },
+}
+```
+
+- `envelopeTimezone: "utc"` uses UTC.
+- `envelopeTimezone: "user"` uses `agents.defaults.userTimezone` (falls back to host timezone).
+- Use an explicit IANA timezone (e.g., `"Europe/Vienna"`) for a fixed offset.
+- `envelopeTimestamp: "off"` removes absolute timestamps from envelope headers.
+- `envelopeElapsed: "off"` removes elapsed time suffixes (the `+2m` style).
+
+### Examples
+
+**Local (default):**
+
+```
+[Signal Alice +1555 2026-01-18 00:19 PST] hello
+```
+
+**Fixed timezone:**
+
+```
+[Signal Alice +1555 2026-01-18 06:19 GMT+1] hello
+```
+
+**Elapsed time:**
+
+```
+[Signal Alice +1555 +2m 2026-01-18T05:19Z] follow-up
+```
+
+## Tool payloads (raw provider data + normalized fields)
+
+Tool calls (`channels.discord.readMessages`, `channels.slack.readMessages`, etc.) return **raw provider timestamps**.
+We also attach normalized fields for consistency:
+
+- `timestampMs` (UTC epoch milliseconds)
+- `timestampUtc` (ISO 8601 UTC string)
+
+Raw provider fields are preserved.
+
+## User timezone for the system prompt
+
+Set `agents.defaults.userTimezone` to tell the model the user's local time zone. If it is
+unset, OpenClaw resolves the **host timezone at runtime** (no config write).
+
+```json5
+{
+  agents: { defaults: { userTimezone: "America/Chicago" } },
+}
+```
+
+The system prompt includes:
+
+- `Current Date & Time` section with local time and timezone
+- `Time format: 12-hour` or `24-hour`
+
+You can control the prompt format with `agents.defaults.timeFormat` (`auto` | `12` | `24`).
+
+See [Date & Time](/date-time) for the full behavior and examples.
+
+## Related
+
+- [Heartbeat](/gateway/heartbeat) — active hours use timezone for scheduling
+- [Cron Jobs](/automation/cron-jobs) — cron expressions use timezone for scheduling
+- [Date & Time](/date-time) — full date/time behavior and examples