# 故障处理常用命令目录集(ZTE ZXROS) ## 一、BGP相关命令 ### 1.1 BGP地址族总览 ```bash show bgp ? # BGP支持的地址族 all All address families bmp BGP Monitoring Protocol evpn Display information about all EVPN NLRIs ipv4 IPv4 address family ipv6 IPv6 address family l2vpn L2VPN address family link-state Link-state address family remote BGP remote prefix-sid rpki-rtr RPKI-RTR Protocol sr-epe Show information for egress peer engineering srv6-epe Show information for SRv6 egress peer engineering urpf-id-array BGP urpf-id array vpnv4 VPNv4 address family vpnv6 VPNv6 address family ``` ### 1.2 BGP IPv4单播 ```bash # 基本命令 show bgp ipv4 unicast summary # BGP IPv4 邻居状态摘要信息 show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor # 查询特定BGP邻居的详细信息 # 按条件查询路由 show bgp ipv4 unicast detail A.B.C.D <0-32> # BGP IPv4路由详细信息 show bgp ipv4 unicast network A.B.C.D # BGP IPv4路由信息 show bgp ipv4 unicast # ipv4 bgp全量路由表信息(慎用) # 按来源/目的地查询 show bgp ipv4 unicast in detail A.B.C.D <0-32> # 接收路由的详细信息 show bgp ipv4 unicast in route # 接收路由的简要信息 show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor in # 从邻居接收方向获取的路由信息 show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor out # 向邻居发送的路由信息 # 策略和更新组 show bgp ipv4 unicast update-group # 更新组信息 ``` ### 1.3 BGP IPv6单播 ```bash # 基本命令 show bgp ipv6 unicast summary # BGP IPv6摘要信息 show bgp ipv6 unicast neighbor # 查询特定BGP邻居的详细信息 # 按条件查询路由 show bgp ipv6 unicast detail X:X::X:X/<0-128> # BGP IPv6路由详细信息 show bgp ipv6 unicast # ipv6 bgp全量路由表信息(慎用) # 按来源/目的地查询 show bgp ipv6 unicast in detail X:X::X:X/<0-128> # 接收路由的详细信息 show bgp ipv6 unicast in route # 接收路由的简要信息 show bgp ipv6 unicast neighbor in # 从邻居接收方向获取的路由信息 show bgp ipv6 unicast neighbor out # 向邻居发送的路由信息 # 策略和更新组 show bgp ipv6 unicast update-group # 更新组信息 ``` ### 1.4 BGP VPNv4 ```bash # 基本命令 show bgp vpnv4 unicast summary # VPNv4 BGP摘要 show bgp vpnv4 unicast neighbor # VPNv4邻居信息 show bgp vpnv4 unicast neighbor # 查询特定BGP邻居的详细信息 # VRF路由查询 show bgp vpnv4 unicast vrf route # 指定VRF的VPNv4路由表 show bgp vpnv4 unicast rd route # 通过RD查询VPNv4路由 # 按条件查询路由 show bgp vpnv4 unicast detail A.B.C.D <0-32> # VPNv4路由详细信息 show bgp vpnv4 unicast network A.B.C.D # VPNv4路由信息 show bgp vpnv4 unicast # VPNv4全量路由表信息(慎用) # 按来源/目的地查询 show bgp vpnv4 unicast in detail A.B.C.D <0-32> # 接收路由的详细信息 show bgp vpnv4 unicast in route # 接收路由的简要信息 show bgp vpnv4 unicast neighbor in # 从邻居接收方向获取的路由信息 show bgp vpnv4 unicast neighbor out # 向邻居发送的路由信息 show bgp vpnv4 unicast vrf neighbor in # vrf邻居收方向路由信息 show bgp vpnv4 unicast vrf neighbor out # vrf邻居发方向路由信息 # 策略和更新组 show bgp vpnv4 unicast update-group # 更新组信息 ``` ### 1.5 BGP VPNv6 ```bash # 基本命令 show bgp vpnv6 unicast summary # VPNv6 BGP摘要 show bgp vpnv6 unicast neighbor # VPNv6邻居信息 show bgp vpnv6 unicast neighbor # 查询特定BGP邻居的详细信息 # VRF路由查询 show bgp vpnv6 unicast vrf route # 指定VRF的VPNv6路由表 show bgp vpnv6 unicast rd route # 通过RD查询VPNv6路由 # 按条件查询路由 show bgp vpnv6 unicast detail X:X::X:X/<0-128> # VPNv6路由详细信息 show bgp vpnv6 unicast network X:X::X:X # VPNv6路由信息 show bgp vpnv6 unicast # VPNv6全量路由表信息(慎用) # 按来源/目的地查询 show bgp vpnv6 unicast in detail X:X::X:X/<0-128> # 接收路由的详细信息 show bgp vpnv6 unicast in route # 接收路由的简要信息 show bgp vpnv6 unicast neighbor in # 从邻居接收方向获取的路由信息 show bgp vpnv6 unicast neighbor out # 向邻居发送的路由信息 # 策略和更新组 show bgp vpnv6 unicast update-group # 更新组信息 ``` ### 1.6 BGP L2VPN EVPN ```bash # 基本命令 show bgp l2vpn evpn summary # EVPN摘要信息 show bgp l2vpn evpn neighbor # EVPN邻居信息 show bgp l2vpn evpn neighbor # 查询特定BGP邻居的详细信息 # EVPN路由类型 show bgp l2vpn evpn ethernet-ad # Ethernet Auto-discovery路由 show bgp l2vpn evpn ethernet-segment # Ethernet Segment路由 show bgp l2vpn evpn mac # MAC/IP Advertisement路由 show bgp l2vpn evpn ip-prefix neighbor in # IP Prefix路由 # 按条件查询路由 show bgp l2vpn evpn detail # EVPN路由详细信息 show bgp l2vpn evpn network # EVPN路由信息 show bgp l2vpn evpn # EVPN全量路由表信息(慎用) # 按来源/目的地查询 show bgp l2vpn evpn in detail # 接收路由的详细信息 show bgp l2vpn evpn in route # 接收路由的简要信息 show bgp l2vpn evpn neighbor in # 从邻居接收方向获取的路由信息 show bgp l2vpn evpn neighbor out # 向邻居发送的路由信息 # 策略和更新组 show bgp l2vpn evpn update-group # 更新组信息 ``` --- ## 二、IGP相关命令 ### 2.1 IS-IS ```bash # IS-IS进程和概要信息 show isis process # IS-IS进程详细信息 show isis process process-id # 指定进程的详细信息 # IS-IS邻接关系 show isis adjacency # IS-IS邻接关系 show isis adjacency summary # IS-IS邻接摘要(按进程显示) show isis adjacency level-1 # Level-1邻接关系 show isis adjacency level-2 # Level-2邻接关系 show isis adjacency interface # 指定接口的邻接 show isis adjacency log # IS-IS邻接变化日志 show isis adjacency establish-failure log # IS-IS邻接建立失败日志 show isis adjacency up-time level-1 # Level-1邻接保持时间 show isis adjacency up-time level-2 # Level-2邻接保持时间 # IS-IS链路状态数据库 show isis database # IS-IS链路状态数据库摘要 show isis database detail # IS-IS数据库详细信息 show isis database level-1 # Level-1数据库 show isis database level-2 # Level-2数据库 show isis database level-1 detail # Level-1数据库详细 show isis database level-2 detail # Level-2数据库详细 show isis database # 查看特定LSP show isis database detail # 查看特定LSP详细信息 show isis database log # IS-IS数据库日志 show isis database purge statistics detail # IS-IS数据库清除统计 show isis database verbose # IS-IS数据库详尽信息 # IS-IS电路(接口)信息 show isis circuits # IS-IS电路信息 show isis circuits summary # IS-IS电路摘要 show isis circuits detail # IS-IS电路详细信息 show isis circuits interface # 指定接口的电路信息 show isis circuits no-adjacency # 没有邻接的IS-IS电路 # IS-IS动态主机名 show isis hostname # IS-IS动态主机名映射 # IS-IS路由信息(IPv4) show isis ipv4 route # IS-IS IPv4路由表 show isis ipv4 route all # IS-IS所有IPv4路由(包括不可达) show isis ipv4 route summary # IS-IS IPv4路由汇总 show isis ipv4 route detail # IS-IS IPv4路由详细信息 show isis ipv4 route level-1 # Level-1 IPv4路由 show isis ipv4 route level-2 # Level-2 IPv4路由 show isis ipv4 route A.B.C.D # 查询特定IPv4路由 show isis ipv4 route flex-algorithm # 灵活算法路由 show isis ipv4 route strict-spf # 严格SPF路由 # IS-IS路由信息(IPv6) show isis ipv6 route # IS-IS IPv6路由表 show isis ipv6 route all # IS-IS所有IPv6路由(包括不可达) show isis ipv6 route summary # IS-IS IPv6路由汇总 show isis ipv6 route detail # IS-IS IPv6路由详细信息 show isis ipv6 route level-1 # Level-1 IPv6路由 show isis ipv6 route level-2 # Level-2 IPv6路由 show isis ipv6 route X:X::X:X # 查询特定IPv6路由 show isis ipv6 route X:X::X:X/<0-128> # 查询特定IPv6前缀 show isis ipv6 route flex-algorithm # 灵活算法IPv6路由 show isis ipv6 route strict-spf # 严格SPF IPv6路由 # IS-IS拓扑路径 show isis topology # IS-IS拓扑路径 show isis topology detail # IS-IS拓扑详细信息 show isis topology level-1 # Level-1拓扑路径 show isis topology level-2 # Level-2拓扑路径 show isis topology # 到特定进程的拓扑路径 # IS-IS快速重路由 show isis fast-reroute-topology lfa # IS-IS LFA快速重路由路径 show isis fast-reroute-topology remote-lfa # IS-IS Remote-LFA路径 show isis fast-reroute-topology ti-lfa # IS-IS TI-LFA路径 # IS-IS Segment Routing show isis segment-routing prefix-sid-map # IS-IS SR前缀SID映射 show isis segment-routing prefix-sid-map ipv4 # IPv4前缀SID映射 show isis segment-routing prefix-sid-map ipv6 # IPv6前缀SID映射 show isis segment-routing prefix-sid-map detail # SR前缀SID映射详细信息 show isis segment-routing prefix-sid-map conflict # SR前缀SID冲突信息 # IS-IS MPLS流量工程 show isis mpls traffic-eng tunnel # IS-IS MPLS TE隧道信息 # IS-IS BIER信息 show isis bier topology brief sub-domain # IS-IS BIER拓扑路径 # IS-IS Mesh Groups show isis mesh-groups blocked # IS-IS阻塞的mesh组 show isis mesh-groups group # IS-IS mesh组分发信息 # IS-IS NSR/NSF信息 show isis nsf # IS-IS NSF状态信息 # IS-IS备份路由 show isis ipv4 backup route # IS-IS IPv4备份路由 show isis ipv6 backup route # IS-IS IPv6备份路由 # IS-IS配置查看 show running-config isis # IS-IS运行配置 show running-config isis all # IS-IS所有配置(包含默认缺省配置) ``` ### 2.2 OSPF(IPv4) ```bash show ip ospf neighbor # OSPF邻居关系 show ip ospf interface brief # OSPF接口简要信息 show ip ospf interface # OSPF接口详细信息 show ip ospf database # OSPF链路状态数据库 show ip ospf database router # OSPF Type-1 LSA(Router LSA) show ip ospf database network # OSPF Type-2 LSA(Network LSA) show ip ospf database summary # OSPF Type-3 LSA(Summary LSA) show ip ospf database asbr-summary # OSPF Type-4 LSA(ASBR Summary LSA) show ip ospf database external # OSPF Type-5 LSA(External LSA) show ip ospf database nssa # OSPF Type-7 LSA(NSSA External LSA) show ip ospf database self-originate # OSPF自生成的LSA show ip ospf border-routers # OSPF边界路由器信息 show ip ospf virtual-links # OSPF虚链路信息 show ip ospf # OSPF进程概要信息 show ip ospf route # OSPF路由表(按进程显示) show running-config ospfv2 # OSPFv2运行配置 ``` ### 2.3 OSPFv3(IPv6) ```bash # OSPFv3进程概要 show ipv6 ospf # 所有OSPFv3进程概要信息 show ipv6 ospf <1-16777215> # 指定进程的详细信息(如:show ipv6 ospf 100) # OSPFv3邻居 show ipv6 ospf neighbor # OSPFv3邻居列表 show ipv6 ospf neighbor detail # OSPFv3邻居详细信息 show ipv6 ospf neighbor summary # OSPFv3邻居摘要 show ipv6 ospf neighbor log # OSPFv3邻居日志 show ipv6 ospf neighbor A.B.C.D # 指定邻居ID的详细信息 # OSPFv3接口 show ipv6 ospf interface # OSPFv3接口状态和配置 show ipv6 ospf interface # 指定类型接口的OSPFv3信息 bvi BVI接口 flexe_channel FlexE通道接口 gre_tunnel GRE隧道接口 irb IRB接口 lgei- 万兆以太网接口 loopback Loopback接口 smartgroup Smartgroup接口 vlan VLAN接口 vei VEI接口 ... # OSPFv3数据库 show ipv6 ospf database # OSPFv3数据库摘要 show ipv6 ospf database router # Router-LSA(Type-1) show ipv6 ospf database network # Network-LSA(Type-2) show ipv6 ospf database inter-prefix # Inter-Prefix-LSA(Type-3) show ipv6 ospf database inter-router # Inter-Router-LSA(Type-4) show ipv6 ospf database intra-prefix # Intra-Prefix-LSA(Type-9) show ipv6 ospf database link # Link-LSA(Type-8) show ipv6 ospf database external # AS-external-LSA(Type-5/Type-7) show ipv6 ospf database nssa # NSSA Type-7 LSA show ipv6 ospf database intra-te # Intra-Area-TE-LSA show ipv6 ospf database router-info # Router-Information-Opaque-LSA show ipv6 ospf database srv6-locator # SRv6-Locator-LSA show ipv6 ospf database extended # 扩展LSA类型 external Extended-AS-External-LSA inter-prefix Extended-Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA intra-prefix Extended-Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA router Extended-Router-LSA # OSPFv3数据库高级选项 show ipv6 ospf database adv-router # 查看特定通告路由器的LSA show ipv6 ospf database process # 查看指定进程的LSA # OSPFv3路由 show ipv6 ospf route # OSPFv3路由表 show ipv6 ospf route detail # OSPFv3路由详细信息 show ipv6 ospf route summary # OSPFv3路由汇总统计 show ipv6 ospf route adv-router # 查看特定通告路由器的路由 show ipv6 ospf route network # 查看特定网络的路由 # OSPFv3虚链路 show ipv6 ospf virtual-links # OSPFv3虚链路信息 show ipv6 ospf virtual-links process # 指定进程的虚链路 # OSPFv3顶点信息 show ipv6 ospf vertex # OSPFv3顶点信息 show ipv6 ospf vertex backup # 备份顶点信息 show ipv6 ospf vertex log # 顶点日志 show ipv6 ospf vertex process # 指定进程的顶点信息 # OSPFv3统计 show ipv6 ospf statistics interface # OSPFv3接口统计信息 # OSPFv3配置查看 show running-config ospfv3 # OSPFv3运行配置 ``` --- ## 三、MPLS/LDP相关命令 ### 3.1 MPLS ```bash #MPLS转发 show mpls forwarding-table # MPLS标签转发表 show mpls forwarding-table # Destination IPv4/IPv6 prefix标签转发表 #LDP会话和绑定 show mpls ldp neighbor brief instance # LDP邻居简要信息(必须指定instance!) show mpls ldp neighbor instance # LDP邻居详细信息 show mpls ldp parameters instance # LDP参数配置 show mpls ldp binding instance # LDP标签绑定信息(全局) show mpls ldp discovery instance # LDP发现信息 # LDP配置 show running-config ldp # LDP运行配置 ``` --- ## 四、ping/trace相关命令 ### 4.1 业务测试 ```bash ping # Ping全局地址 ping source # 指定本地源ip Ping全局地址 ping6 # Ping v6地址 ping6 source # 指定本地源ipv6 Ping v6地址 ping vrf # Ping测VRF内地址 ping vrf source # 指定本地源ip Ping测VRF内地址 ping6 vrf # Ping测VRF ipc6内地址 ping6 vrf source #指定本地源ipv6 Ping测VRF ipc6内地址 trace # trace 路径 trace source # 指定本地源ip trace 路径 trace vrf # trace vrf内ip路径 trace vrf source # 指定本地源ip trace vrf内ip路径 trace6 vrf # trace vrf内ipv6路径 trace6 vrf source # 指定本地源ipv6 trace vrf内ipv6路径 ``` --- ## 五、隧道相关命令 ```bash show mpls traffic-eng tunnels brief # 查看 show mpls traffic-eng tunnels te_tunnel # 查看本端设备te隧道详细情况 show mpls traffic-eng interface brief # TE接口的状态 ``` --- ## 六、接口和路由基础命令 ### 6.1 接口状态 ```bash show interface brief # 接口简要信息 show ip interface brief # IP接口简要信息 show intf-statistics utilization # 接口利用率 show intf-statistics utilization phy-interface-only # 仅查看物理口利用率 show interface description # 查看端口状态以及描述(可通过描述判断业务、互联设备信息) show opticalinfo brief # 查看端口收发情况 show opticalinfo # 查看物理口收发光信息 show interface # 查看接口详细信息 ``` ### 6.2 全局路由 ```bash show ip forwarding route # 全局全量IPv4路由表(慎用) show ip forwarding route # 查询某ip路由表(优先) show ip forwarding route vrf # 查询某vrf IPv4路由表(慎用) show ip forwarding route vrf # 查询某vrf 某ip IPv4路由表(优先) show ipv6 forwarding route # 全局全量IPv6路由表(慎用) show ipv6 forwarding route # 全局某IPv6路由表(优先) show ipv6 forwarding route vrf # 查询某vrf IPv6路由表(慎用) show ipv6 forwarding route vrf # 查询某vrf 某ip IPv6路由表(优先) ``` ### 6.3 ND/ARP/MAC ```bash show arp # 全局ARP表 show arp vrf # vrf arp表信息 show nd6 cache # 全量nd信息 show nd6 cache # 某接口nd信息 ``` --- ## 七、系统基础命令 ### 7.1 系统信息 ```bash show version # 版本信息 show card-state brief # 单板状态 show fan # 风扇信息 show power # 电源信息 show temperature environment-threshold # 温度信息 ``` ### 7.2 配置信息 ```bash show running-config # 当前运行配置 范围太广尽量少用或不用,优先使用单模块查找 show running-config # 通过模块查询具体配置,可以通过`show running-config ?`查看有什么模块 show running-config-interface # 查看某端口具体配置 ``` ### 7.3 告警信息 ```bash show alarm current brief # 当前告警信息 show alarm current typeid # 通过模块查询当前告警,可以通过`show alarm current typeid ?`查看有什么模块 show alarm history # 查看历史告警(主要用于回溯) show alarm history typeid # 通过模块查询历史告警,可以通过`show alarm history typeid ?`查看有什么模块 ``` ### 7.4 lldp邻居信息 ```bash show lldp neighbor brief | one-line # 查看lldp邻居信息 show lldp neighbor interface # 查看接口lldp邻居信息 ``` --- ## 八、命令语法说明 ### 8.1 重要注意事项 1. **LDP命令必须指定instance**:`show mpls ldp neighbor brief instance ` ✅ - `show mpls ldp neighbor brief` ❌ Incomplete command 2. **BGP VPNv4路由查询**:`show bgp vpnv4 unicast vrf route` ✅ - `show bgp vpnv4 unicast rd-by-vrf ` ❌ Incomplete command - `show bgp ipv4 unicast route` ❌ Ambiguous command 3. **VRF路由查询**:`show ip forwarding route vrf ` ✅ - `show ip route vrf ` ❌ Invalid input - `show ipv4 route vrf ` ❌ Invalid input 4. **OSPFv3命令特点**: - OSPFv3使用`show ipv6 ospf`前缀,而不是`show ip ospf` - OSPFv3数据库LSA类型与OSPFv2不同:Type-1/2/3/4/5对应router/network/inter-prefix/inter-router/external - OSPFv3新增Type-7(Link-LSA)、Type-8(Intra-Prefix-LSA)等IPv6特有LSA - OSPFv3支持SRv6 Locator LSA(`show ipv6 ospf database srv6-locator`) - OSPFv3请求列表和重传列表需要指定邻居或接口参数 5. **IS-IS命令特点**: - IS-IS支持多进程:设备上有多个IS-IS进程实例(如进程0、1、5、44、101等) - Level分离:大多数命令支持`level-1`和`level-2`选项,分别查看L1/L2信息 - IPv4/IPv6分离:路由查询使用`show isis ipv4 route`和`show isis ipv6 route` - LSP标识符格式:`system-id.xx-xx*`(如MER1.00-00*) - 灵活算法支持:`flex-algorithm`参数用于查看特定算法的路由 - Segment Routing集成:通过`show isis segment-routing prefix-sid-map`查看SR映射 - 快速重路由:支持LFA、Remote-LFA、TI-LFA三种保护方式 6. **BGP命令特点**: - BGP支持多种地址族:IPv4/IPv6单播、VPNv4/VPNv6、EVPN、Link-State等 - BGP IPv4/IPv6命令结构相似,都支持summary、neighbor、detail、community等子命令 - BGP VPNv4/VPNv6需要通过`vrf `或`rd `来指定VRF - EVPN支持多种NLRI类型:ethernet-ad、mac、ip-prefix、inclusive-multicast等 - Link-State按protocol和type分类,可以查看ISIS/OSPF/BGP等协议的链路状态信息 - BMP用于监控BGP会话和路由,支持monitor-peer和monitor-route - SR-EPE和SRv6-EPE用于出向peer工程,支持按AS查询 - RPKI-RTR提供路由源验证功能,支持valid/invalid/not-found状态查询 ### 8.2 参数占位符说明 文档中使用以下占位符表示需要替换的参数: - `` - IPv4地址,如`192.168.1.1` - `` - IPv6地址,如`2001:db8::1` - `` - AS号码,如`65001` - `` - VRF名称,如`vpn1` - `` - RD值,如`65001:100` - `` - 接口名称,如`gei_1/1`或`loopback1` - `` - 进程ID,如`isis 100`中的`100` - `` - LSP标识符,如`MER1.00-00*` - `` - IS-IS系统ID,如`1` - `` - 正则表达式,用于匹配AS路径 - `` - BGP团体号,如`65001:100` - `` - 路由图名称 - `` - 更新组索引号 - `` - 名称标识符 - `` - 网络前缀 - `` - MAC地址,如`00:11:22:33:44:55` - `` - 索引值 - `` - 邻居IP地址 - `` - 灵活算法ID ### 8.3 特殊限制 netx平台对命令数量有限制,可以多次采集 ---