oclaw/docs/ip-knowledge-base/zte/03_配置规范与基线/LDP_配置基线.md
2026-07-21 19:01:49 +08:00

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# LDP配置基线
## 标准配置模板
### 基础LDP配置
```bash
mpls ldp instance 1
discovery hello holdtime 180
discovery targeted-hello holdtime 180
graceful-restart
graceful-restart timer max-recovery 600
graceful-restart timer neighbor-liveness 300
access-fec ip-prefix host-route-only ! 显示指定仅主机路由分配标签
interface smartgroup1 !接口使能ldp
$
router-id loopback1 ! 显式指定Router-ID(推荐用Loopback地址)
target-session 10.26.63.152 ! 通过 target-session 配置ldp
```
---
## 关键参数推荐值
| 参数       | 推荐值        | 说明                 |
| -------------------| -----------------------| --------------------------------------|
| Router-ID     | Loopback0地址(32位) | 必须全网唯一且稳定          |
| 传输地址     | Loopback地址     | 避免物理接口Down导致LDP会话中断   |
| Hello间隔(链路) | 5秒          | 默认值,直连邻居发现         |
| Hello间隔(目标) | 15秒         | 用于非直连邻居(需配`neighbor`命令) |
| Keepalive间隔   | 45秒         | TCP连接保活             |
| Hold Time     | 180秒         | Hello保持时间(4倍Hello间隔)    |
| 标签分配模式   | DU(下游主动)    | 默认模式,无需配置          |
| FEC过滤策略    | 不过滤(默认)    | 除非有安全或资源限制需求       |
---
## 常见配置陷阱与规避
### ⚠️ 陷阱1:access-fec过滤导致标签缺失
**现象**:某些非32位FEC没有分配到标签,MPLS转发出接口为NULL
**错误配置示例**:
```bash
mpls ldp nstance 1
access-fec ip-prefix host-route-only ! 只给32位主机路由分标签
```
**问题根因**:
- 该配置强制LDP只为/32掩码的主机路由分配标签
- 对于/30或/31的互联地址,即使LDP默认会分配标签,也会被过滤掉
- **后果**:跨域VPN场景中,若BGP下一跳是互联地址(非32位),会导致标签缺失→流量黑洞
**规避方案**:
- 评估业务需求,若无特殊安全要求,**不要配置**`access-fec`过滤
- 若必须限制标签分配范围,使用更精细的prefix-list:
```bash
ip prefix-list ALLOW-HOST-ROUTES seq 5 permit 0.0.0.0/0 le 32
mpls ldp
access-fec ip-prefix prefix-list ALLOW-HOST-ROUTES ! 允许所有前缀
```
**关联案例**:参见 `04_历史故障案例库/BGP/标签与LDP类/BGP_跨域下一跳NULL_LDP策略与下一跳修复_20260720.md`
---
## 验证命令速查
```bash
# 查看ldp是否存在告警
show alarm current typeid ldp
# 查看LDP会话状态
show mpls ldp neighbor brief instance 1
show mpls ldp neighbor <ldp-neighbor> detail instance 1
show mpls ldp neighbor detail instance 1
# 查看标签绑定关系
show mpls ldp bindings 10.0.0.8 32 detail instance 1 ! 优先使用
show mpls ldp bindings 10.0.0.8 32 instance 1 ! 优先使用
show mpls ldp bindings instance 1
# 查看标签转发表
show mpls forwarding-table 10.0.0.8 32
show mpls forwarding-table
# 查看LDP配置
show running-config ldp
```
---
**维护建议**:
- 每季度审查一次LDP配置基线,确保与现网实践一致
- 新增LDP邻居前,必须在变更窗口内验证MD5认证和标签分配
- 对于跨域Option-B场景,务必同步检查BGP next-hop-self配置
**关联文档**:
- `06_标准SOP与工具脚本/MPLS标签排障命令速查.md`